BHL Europe glossar

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BHL-Europe glossary

*Please add any BHL relevant terms with focus on technical expressions or acronyms. You are invited to create definitions and descriptions for those terms. The glossary intends to facilitate the understanding and communication among all our BHL-Europe partners. Please use the comment function (indicate your name by starting your comment with 4"~"), as there might be concurring definitions for the same term. We will revise the glossary from time to time and use it as a basis for discussion during our meetings.

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Boris.Jacob Dec 14, 2009 used "→" to indicate linking within the glossary

Acronyms of the participants

A

ABLE : Automatic Biodiversity Literature Enhancement (http://able.myspecies.info/)
AIP : Achive Information Package (part of the OAIS, see also SIP and DIP)
API : Application Programming Interface

- herzoga_ait Dec 4, 2009 Simple explained: Computer program X exposes an API for other computer programs to interact with X. It can be compared with the user interface of a program so a user can interact with the program.

ARK : Archival Resource Key
Author : term used in the scientific community. An "author" is defined as the person to whom a scientific work is attributed, in zoology as specified in Art. 50 of the → ICZN Code. The same expression is used for the authorship of a → taxonomic name, as defined in the → ICBN and ICZN Codes. The author of a taxonomic name is usually the first person who published a description for this organism. This person is usually, but not always, the person who was bibliographically responsible for the publication. This is the background why most taxonomists search by using author and year to find a publication: they know the author and the → date from the → taxon name author string of the organism and hope to find the original description without knowing much more about the → work in which the name was established.

B

BHL Scan List : New →Bidlist and life system for BHL/BHL-Europe for →Deduplication of serials and monographs and bidding for scanning, hosted at NHMW
BLOB : A binary large object, also known as a blob, is a collection of binary data stored as a single entity in a database management system. Blobs are typically images, audio or other multimedia objects.
BPG: Best Practice Guide BHLE_WP2_BPG

C

CDM : Common Data Model
CiteBank : CiteBank is an open access repository for biodiversity publications from BHL
CLOCKSS : Controlled Lots Of Copies Keep Stuff Safe - not for profit joint venture between the world’s leading scholarly publishers and research libraries whose mission is to build a sustainable, geographically distributed dark archive with which to ensure the long-term survival of Web-based scholarly publications for the benefit of the greater global research community. → LOCKSS
Creator : Metadata term. A “Creator” is defined as a person or corporate body responsible for the creation of the → Title. (This should correspond to the term → "author" used in the scientific community).

D

Date : Term used in the scientific community, date of publication. Usually only the year is given. The "bibliographic indication year" (an expression used by AnimalBase) is the year or span of years given on the title page of a book. The "true date of publication" is the scientifically extremely important date when the contents were actually published, and which are not necessarily printed in the book itself. In some → works every 16 pages of text and every single plate has a different date. The true date is often only known from secondary sources, if at all.
Deduplication

- h-scholz Nov 30, 2009 This is the identification of duplicates in the catalogue based on the metadata record. Duplicates are not removed from the system. Duplicates are shown once in the GRIB and are not obvious at first sight. By clicking on the title you see all duplicates and the detailed information related to it.

DIP : Distibution Information Package (part of the OAIS, see also AIP and SIP)
DNB : Deutsche Nationalbibliothek (German National Library)
DOI : Digital Object Identifier (http://www.doi.org/)
DoW : Description of Work
Drupal : Drupal is an open source content management platform. Examplewebsite: The White House

E

EDIT : European Distributed Institute of Taxonomy (→ViTaL)
eol : Encyclopedia of Life

F

FRBR : Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records

G

GBIF : Global Biodiversity Information Facility
GBV : Gemeinsamer Bibliotheksverbund (Common Library Network, a public non-profit institution by seven northern German federal states Bremen, Hamburg, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Niedersachsen, Sachsen-Anhalt, Schleswig-Holstein, Thüringen and the Stiftung Preußischer Kulturbesitz) http://www.gbv.de →VZG
GRIB : Global References Index to Biodiversity - i.e. BHL / BHL-Europe union catalogue of serials and monographs. Realized at a prototyp at http://kavia0.gbv.de/DB=1.83/ as describet in D2.2 and D2.3 by BHL-E WP2, →EDIT WP5.3 and →VZG
GUID : Globally Unique Identifier
GVK : Gemeinsamer Verbundkatalog (GBV Union Catalogue at http://gso.gbv.de, a multimaterial bibliographic database, comprises the library holdings of 7 northern German federal states, →GBV)

H

I

ICT PSP: The Information and Communication Technologies Policy Support Programme (European Commission). The ICT PSP will run from 2007 to 2013 with a budget of 730 million €.
ICBN: International Code of Botanical Nomenclature
ICZN: International Code of Zoological Nomenclature
Item: Metadata term. An “Item” is described as the physical bound object scanned within a → Title.

J

JSON: JavaScript Object Notation

K

KVK: Karlsruher Virtueller Katalog (Karlsruhe Vitual Catalogue, offers a uniform user interface for simultaneous research in many union catalogues)

L

LOCKSS : "Lots Of Copies Keeps Stuff Safe" - → CLOCKSS
LSID: Life Sciences Identifiers (http://lsids.sourceforge.net/)

M

MARC : MAchine Readable Cataloging (bibliographical dataformat & protocol)
MODS : Metadata Object Description Subject
MoU : Memorandum of Understanding
METS : Metadata Encoding & Transmission Standard

N

Nomenclature : Term used in the scientific community. The science of naming organisms. The science of classifying them correctly is → taxonomy.

O

OAI : Open Archives Initiative
OAIS : Open Archival Information System
OAI-ORE : OAI Object Reuse and Exchange
OAI-PMH : OAI Protocol for Metadata Harvesting
OCLC : Online Computer Library Center (Wikipedia, Home) is a nonprofit, membership, computer library service and research organization dedicated to furthering public access to the world's information and reducing the rate of rise of library costs.
ONIX: ONline Information eXchange (-

Pilsk May 4, 2010)
OPAC : Online Public Access Catalogue
OSS : Open source software is computer software for which the source code and certain other rights normally reserved for copyright holders are provided under a software license that meets the Open Source Definition or that is in the public domain. This permits users to use, change, and improve the software, and to redistribute it in modified or unmodified forms. It is very often developed in a public, collaborative manner. (Wikipedia)

P

Page : Metadata term. A “Page” is described as a single image file contained within a scanned → Item.
Page : Term used in the scientific community. Text page with textual content, in contrast to a → plate. Either with page number (Roman or Arabic), or unpaginated. The commonly used abbreviation is p., plural pp., used invariably for works of all languages.
Plate : Term used in the scientific community. Special page with copperplate engravings bound separately from the text pages. A plate may contain some little textual content (plate number, figure numbers, names of figured organisms, names of artists), but it mainly consists of image content. Plates may be numbered or unnumbered. The most commonly used abbreviations are pl. (occasionally pls. for plural, but not often), Pl. (Plate(s) = English, Planche(s) = French, Plaat(en) = Dutch), Taf. (Tafel(n) = German), Tav. (Tavola/e = Italian), Tab. (Tabula/ae = Latin), Lám. (Lámina(s) = Spanish), some other European languages use other abbreviations. It is common to use the abbreviation according to the term or language used in the original source. Plates were often numbered with Roman numbers, it is usual to cite them as if they were given as Arabic numbers, especially if the numbers are large. Plates are extremely important, if present they must always be cited in citations of scientific articles. In some cases books also contain maps or foldout tables, which may have individual numbers, these are also included in a complete scientific citation of a literature source.
PND : Personennamendatei from the →DNB. Example entry for Carl von Linné.
PURL : Persistent Uniform Ressource Locator

Q

R

RDF : Resource Description Framework

S

Shibboleth : Standards based, open source software package for web single sign-on across or within organizational boundaries. It allows sites to make informed authorization decisions for individual access of protected online resources in a privacy-preserving manner.
SIP : Submission Information Package (part of the OAIS, see also AIP and DIP)
Solr : Solr is the popular, blazing fast open source enterprise search platform from the Apache Lucene project.

T

Taxonomy : Term used in the scientific community. The science of classifying organisms within a natural system. Taxonomy is how the organisms are classified, → nomenclature is how they are correctly named. This is an important difference.
Taxonomic name : Term used in the scientific community. Is usually understood as a scientific name of an organism in the Linnean binominal system, in most cases it refers to names of genera and species. A taxonomic name does not necessarily carry author and year. It can refer to a scientific name of an organism as established originally, as well as to a name currently used.
Taxon name author string: This is one of the most unambiguous terms currently used for a name of a genus or species comined with its author and year. Also this term can refer to originally established names (and original genus-species combinations), as well as to currently used names.
TDWG : Biodiversity Information Standards (formaly: Taxonomic Database Working Group)
Title : Metadata term. A “Title” is described as the bibliographic authority for a single or multiple scanned → Item(s).

U

V

ViBRANT : Virtual Biodiversity Research and Access Network for Taxonomy
vifabio : Virtuelle Fachbibliothek Biologie (The Virtual Library of Biology)
ViTaL : The Virtual Taxonomic Library (http://taxonlib.org/). Activity 3 of →EDIT WP5-Cybertaxonomy
VZG : Head Office of →GBV hosting and developing the →GVK and codeveloping the →GRIB

W

Work : Term used in the scientific community. Defined as "any text or illustration, published or unpublished" in the → ICZN Code's Glossary. Largely identical with the term → "Item" used in metadata contexts, but not exactly, and less well defined. Work refers more to the content, regardless of the binding. Item refers more to the binding. Text volume and corresponding plate volume are the same work, but different items.

X

Y

Z

ZDB : Zeitschriftendatenbank, German Database for Periodicals, managed by the Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin; the database is held on a server of the Deutsche Nationalbibliothek. The Contains more than 1.5 million bibliographic records of serials from the 16th century onwards, from all countries, in all languages, held in 4300 German (and some foreign) libraries, with 8.7 million holdings information. It does not contain contents, i. e. journal articles.